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2.
The authors present the beginnings of a planning support system (PSS) for agri-environmental measures exemplified by a virtual implementation of Colorfields and blooming strips on model farms, based on real-world data. This paper starts with an introduction to the Colorfields, a concept for transdisciplinary and sustainable landscape design of set-aside land. Colorfields comprise of blooming strips of flowering annual or biennial plants, which are designed and drilled in pattern on fallow land creating Land Art. The temporary scenic arrangements of the Colorfields combine the advantages of ecological strips, e.g. providing habitats for insects (especially bees), improving soil fertility through the cultivation of intercrops, with improvements of the social recognition of farmers as producers of pleasant landscapes instead of monoculture fields.The prototype of the PSS uses two software tools of different scientific origin, the bio-economic modeling system MODAM and the landscape visualization system Lenné3D, which are linked based on geo-data. The resulting system helps to assess the economic effects and visualizes the effects of the specific landuse patterns under different scenarios.The economic assessment of blooming strips on arable land and of one Colorfield on fallow land shows that these measures prove to be profitable from an economic viewpoint assuming the current area payments for the obligatory European Union set-aside program. Furthermore, the visualizations enable the design to be tested virtually by exploring the resultant scenery. They provide artists, planners and stakeholders including farmers with a tool to virtually wander through landscape scenarios supporting a collaborative design and a shared vision for the community.The results of the two model farms and previous case studies for Colorfields demonstrate how current policy conditions could be used for the improvement of environmental and scenic qualities. Furthermore, the ability of the tools, MODAM and Lenné3D, suggests to support and promote these activities. 相似文献
3.
Lemly AD 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2007,125(1-3):361-375
This paper gives step-by-step instructions for assessing aquatic selenium hazards associated with mining. The procedure was
developed to provide the U.S. Forest Service with a proactive capability for determining the risk of selenium pollution when
it reviews mine permit applications in accordance with the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA). The procedural framework
is constructed in a decision-tree format in order to guide users through the various steps, provide a logical sequence for
completing individual tasks, and identify key decision points. There are five major components designed to gather information
on operational parameters of the proposed mine as well as key aspects of the physical, chemical, and biological environment
surrounding it — geological assessment, mine operation assessment, hydrological assessment, biological assessment, and hazard
assessment. Validation tests conducted at three mines where selenium pollution has occurred confirmed that the procedure will
accurately predict ecological risks. In each case, it correctly identified and quantified selenium hazard, and indicated the
steps needed to reduce this hazard to an acceptable level. By utilizing the procedure, NEPA workers can be confident in their
ability to understand the risk of aquatic selenium pollution and take appropriate action. Although the procedure was developed
for the Forest Service it should also be useful to other federal land management agencies that conduct NEPA assessments, as
well as regulatory agencies responsible for issuing coal mining permits under the authority of the Surface Mining Control
and Reclamation Act (SMCRA) and associated Section 401 water quality certification under the Clean Water Act. Mining companies
will also benefit from the application of this procedure because priority selenium sources can be identified in relation to
specific mine operating parameters. The procedure will reveal the point(s) at which there is a need to modify operating conditions
to meet environmental quality goals. By recognizing concerns early in the NEPA process, it may be possible for a mining company
to match operational parameters with environmental requirements, thereby increasing the likelihood that the permit application
will be approved. 相似文献
4.
关于城乡生态经济一体化规划原则的思考 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
依据城乡生态环境中存在的一系列问题,提出应将生态经济观念引入社会经济发展中去,用生态学观点指导社会经济活动,对自然资源进行合理的开发利用;充分利用环境容量,发展环保产业,开发绿色产品。同时,由于城乡是一个完整的体系,只有进行城乡生态经济一体化规划,才能保证生态的良性循环。规划要考虑到:①打破行政区划,疏通物流渠道。②建设绿地中的城市,确保城市中的绿地。③有秩序分步骤发展生态经济。④为全球环境保护作 相似文献
5.
生态农业是可持续发展的必然选择 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过对三明市发展生态农业的实践回顾、现状调查及其影响因素的分析,提出相应的对策。 相似文献
6.
分别阐述了我国目前原生资源与再生资源回收利用的现状,通过原生资源与再生资源在性能、经济发展、生态环境和节能方面的比较,使我们进一步认识再生资源,大力发展再生资源产业。 相似文献
7.
西北地区油田开发对生态环境影响的几点分析 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
西北地区由于其特殊的地理条件 ,生态环境比较脆弱 ,因此 ,在此区域进行油田开发建设 ,一定要注意保护好当地生态环境。本文分析了西北地区油田开发对生态环境的影响 ,并提出切实可行的环保措施 ,以保护该区域脆弱的生态环境 相似文献
8.
生态农业发展与小城镇建设 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
以3家生态村为例说明乡镇企业在生态农业产值中占据主导地位。通过对乡镇企业的经济效益、环境效益和社会效益以及小城镇发展的优越性分析可知,乡镇企业不宜在农村发展,应该在小城镇中发展,农村生态建设要立足农业,通过减少土地的人口承载量,提高劳动生产率和增加农民收入。 相似文献
9.
遵循可持续发展的原则,针对经济欠发达地区的水环境污染现状,提出了兴建产业化的污水处理生态工程,科学地发展污灌,既有效地改善了京杭运河(徐州段)的水环境质量,又使徐州市城市污水得以资源化利用,对促进环境与社会经济协调发展具有积极意义。 相似文献
10.
对俄罗斯的环境管理观念,相关环境法律规定的生态化要求,联邦及联邦各主体两级关系协调化以及环境管理手段的经济化与多样化倾向等问题作了着重分析,并鉴于中俄在历史上社会与经济制度的关联性及正处经济转轨的共同性,希望通过比较中俄两国在历史和现实发展中存在的异同与联系,以求能为我国进一步的环境管理立法提供借鉴性的思考。 相似文献